Paris is not only internationally renowned for its museums, but also for its rich and diverse architecture. The city’s buildings span every era — from the Middle Ages to the present day. However, the 19th century remains the most represented period: the iconic Haussmannian boulevards, with their uniform and regulated style, dominate the urban landscape. Still, scattered throughout the streets of the capital are rare gems of a more ornate and whimsical style: Art Nouveau. All you have to do is walk around to discover these architectural treasures for yourself. Here are some addresses where you can admire Art Nouveau architecture in Paris completely free of charge!
What Is Art Nouveau?
Associated with the Fin-de-Siècle notion of modernity, Art Nouveau was a short-lived but prolific artistic movement that flourished in France between 1890 and 1910. It emerged as a reaction against the industrialization of society, advocating for beauty in everyday life.
Art Nouveau, often considered a precursor to modern design, emphasized highly stylized, ornate forms — drawing inspiration from the Baroque and Neo-Gothic styles. Its motifs often include floral patterns, gilded elements, and flowing arabesques. Critics of the time mocked the style, calling it “Art Nouille” (a pun on the English “new” and the French word for noodles).
Art Nouveau was truly international, sparked by the Arts and Crafts movement in Britain (William Morris and the Pre-Raphaelites), Modernismo in Catalonia (e.g. Gaudí), and Jugendstil in Germany (e.g. Alfons Mucha). After World War I, the style gradually evolved into a more geometric aesthetic: Art Deco (see our article “Art Deco Architecture in Paris”).
What Does Art Nouveau Look Like in Architecture?
In Paris, Art Nouveau architecture was a clear rebellion against the rigidity of Haussmannian design. Haussmann’s buildings were highly regulated: made of cut stone, usually six stories high, and often reflected a hierarchical structure — with smaller, less comfortable apartments at the top. Today, around 60% of Paris buildings follow this model.
Art Nouveau introduced a new freedom and exuberance. It sought to reconcile industry and art in what was envisioned as “industrial art” — architecture inseparable from interior design.
The key figure of the French movement is Hector Guimard, who called himself an “architect of art.” Greatly influenced by his teacher Viollet-le-Duc and his encounter with Belgian architect Victor Horta, Guimard combined modern materials like glass, metal, and ceramic with sinuous “whiplash” lines and plant-inspired designs — often in vibrant greens and oranges.
Where to See Art Nouveau in Paris
The Metro Stations
Over 160 Paris Métro entrances are adorned in the iconic Guimard style, making them one of the most recognizable examples of Parisian chic. The Dauphine station (16th arrondissement) is one of the best-preserved, its glass canopy resembling a dragonfly.
During World War I, this style fell out of favor. Afterward, many were replaced by the more geometric “Dervaux style,” closer to Art Deco.
Castel Béranger (16th Arr.)
Completed in 1898, this building is Guimard’s first masterpiece. It showcases his signature elements: asymmetry, swirling wrought iron, mixed materials, and even interior decor — from wallpaper to doorknobs.
Nicknamed “Castel Dérangé” (the “Disturbed Castle”) due to its eccentric style.
Lavirotte Building (7th Arr.)
Designed by Jules Lavirotte in 1900–1901, this extravagant apartment block is bursting with sculpted details: vines, animals, and mythological figures. It’s one of the most flamboyant examples of Art Nouveau in Paris.
14 rue d’Abbeville (10th Arr.)
Built in 1901 by father-and-son architects Albert and Edouard Autant, this six-story building features lush plant motifs and climbing vines. The ceramics were designed by Alexandre Bigot, who also worked on many Parisian monuments, including the Saint-Jean de Montmartre Church.
Saint-Jean de Montmartre Church (18th Arr.)
Commissioned to serve Montmartre’s growing parish, architect Anatole de Baudot used a then-experimental material: reinforced concrete (an early form of modern concrete). The interior features stunning mosaics that embody the Art Nouveau style.
You can also explore the area in a fun way by joining our Montmartre escape game!
The “Cathedral Building” on Rue Réaumur (2nd Arr.)
This post-Haussmann urban development features a grand façade resembling a cathedral. Though closer to neo-Gothic, it still carries the Art Nouveau spirit — especially in the mosaic zodiac signs that decorate the clock.
La Samaritaine (1st Arr.)
Founded in 1870 by Ernest Cognacq, this legendary department store symbolizes the spirit of Parisian modernity. More than just a place to shop, it invited Parisians to stroll and admire — a reflection of the changing culture of consumerism.
Enjoy Exploring Art Nouveau in Paris!
Whether you’re an architecture enthusiast or just wandering the city streets, discovering Paris’s Art Nouveau gems offers a magical way to experience a different side of the city.
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